A heel spur is a calcium deposit located beneath the heel, resulting in small bone protrusions. It is important to distinguish heel spurs from plantar fasciitis, which refers to inflammation of the plantar fascia ligament. Unlike plantar fasciitis, which involves ligament inflammation, a heel spur forms directly on the heel bone itself.
While heel spurs often do not produce symptoms, they may cause intermittent or chronic pain in some cases. However, it is crucial to note that the heel spur itself may not necessarily be the source of pain. Rather, discomfort typically stems from inflammation or irritation of the plantar fascia ligament. Pain is commonly most acute in the morning upon waking but tends to diminish as ligaments loosen.
Causes of Heel Spurs
The development of heel spurs typically spans months and may go unnoticed. Excessive stress or pressure on foot ligaments is a primary cause, along with repeated tearing of the membrane covering the heel bone. Activities associated with plantar fasciitis often lead to the formation of heel spurs.
Additional contributing factors include:
- Mechanical defects leading to gait abnormalities
- Tight calf muscles restricting ankle flexibility
- Excess body weight
- Poor footwear choices
- Prolonged standing or walking activities
Treatment Options
Diagnosing heel spurs necessitates an X-ray, as they cannot be identified through physical examination alone. Often, heel spurs are incidentally discovered during imaging for other conditions. Persistent heel pain warrants consultation with a podiatrist, who may recommend non-invasive treatment options such as:
- Stretching exercises targeting foot and calf muscles
- Replacing footwear with supportive options
- Custom orthotics to alleviate pressure and improve alignment
- Padding to cushion the affected area
- Physical therapy to enhance flexibility and strength
While conservative methods effectively manage most cases of heel pain, anti-inflammatory medications or injections may be prescribed for relief. These medications not only alleviate pain but also reduce inflammation, addressing the underlying cause of discomfort.