Understanding Haglund’s Deformity
Haglund’s deformity, also known as the “pump bump,” is a condition characterized by the enlargement or inflammation of the bony area at the back of the heel, where the Achilles tendon attaches. This deformity often arises from wearing shoes that exert excessive pressure on the rear of the heel, leading to inflammation.
Left untreated, Haglund’s deformity can progress to bursitis, wherein the fluid-filled sac separating the tendon from the bone becomes inflamed. Chronic inflammation may also cause calcification of the heel bone, resulting in a more prominent bump. Consequently, increased pain and compromised foot function may occur.
Causes of Haglund’s Deformity
The term “pump bump” hints at the association between Haglund’s deformity and rigid-backed “pump-style” shoes. These shoes exert pressure that exacerbates the growth during routine activities like walking. Additionally, factors such as having a high-arched foot, tight Achilles tendon, or poor walking mechanics can contribute to its development.
Symptoms of Haglund’s Deformity
Haglund’s deformity typically presents with significant pain, particularly in the region of the heel growth. Other common symptoms include:
- Noticeable bump on the back of the heel
- Severe heel pain
- Swelling and redness in the affected area
- Tenderness near the inflamed region
Diagnosis and Treatment Options
Diagnosing Haglund’s deformity can be challenging due to its symptom similarity to other foot conditions like arthritis. While physical examination may suffice for some cases, others may require further diagnostic tests such as imaging.
Treatment aims to alleviate pressure from the heel bone and varies based on symptom severity. For mild to moderate cases, non-surgical options include:
- Changing footwear
- Using NSAID pain-relievers
- Soft-tissue massage
- Custom orthotics
- Heel pads or cushions
- Anti-inflammatory injections
If non-surgical approaches prove ineffective, surgical intervention may be recommended. Procedures involve removing excess bone or smoothing existing bone to relieve pressure from the heel. These surgeries are highly effective in alleviating pressure and restoring comfort to the affected area.